A Systematic Overview Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

Gerardo AK Laksono, Paul L Tahalele

Abstract


An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as an abnormal dilatation of the abdominal aorta more than 50% of its diameter. The aortic wall continues to weaken and become unable to hold the forces of the luminal blood pressure, resulting in progressive dilatation and rupture. The rupture of the aneurysm wall is influenced by several factors, such as the aneurysm size, expansion rate, continued smoking, and persistent hypertension. The AAA is a common degenerative condition with high mortality in older people. The AAA increases these last two decades. It is occurring in 7-8% of men at the age of over 65 years old. The disease prevalence is six times higher in men than in women. It is also increasing dramatically by the presence of the following factors: age older than 60 years old, smoking, hypertension, and ethnicity. Repair of large or symptomatic AAA by open surgery or endovascular is recommended, but not significant in the small aneurysm.

Save to Mendeley


Full Text:

PDF

References


Kumar, Y. et al. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: Pictorial review of common appearances and complications. Ann. Transl. Med. 5, 1–7 (2017).

Aggarwal, S., Qamar, A., Sharma, V. & Sharma, A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: A comprehensive review. Exp. Clin. Cardiol. 16, 11–15 (2011).

Kahn, R. A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin. Cases Anesth. 195–199 (2005). doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-06624-5.50040-0

Lo, R. C. & Schermerhorn, M. L. Abdominal aortic aneurysms in women. J. Vasc. Surg. 63, 839–844 (2016).

Zommorodi, S., Leander, K., Roy, J., Steuer, J. & Hultgren, R. Understanding abdominal aortic aneurysm epidemiology: Socioeconomic position affects outcome. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 72, 904–910 (2018).

Kobeissi, E., Hibino, M., Pan, H. & Aune, D. Blood pressure, hypertension and the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur. J. Epidemiol. (2019). doi:10.1007/s10654-019-00510-9

Aune, D., Schlesinger, S., Norat, T. & Riboli, E. Tobacco smoking and the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sci. Rep. 8, 1–9 (2018).

Abdul-Hussien, H. et al. Collagen degradation in the abdominal aneurysm: A conspiracy of matrix metalloproteinase and cysteine collagenases. Am. J. Pathol. 170, 809–817 (2007).

Vorp, D. A. Biomechanics of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J. Biomech. 40, 1887–1902 (2007). pathology : From the Dallas Heart Study. 16, 339–345 (2012).

Kuivaniemi, H., Ryer, E. J., Elmore, J. R. & Tromp, G. Understanding the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 13, 975–987 (2015).

Moll, F. L. et al. Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms clinical practice guidelines of the European society for vascular surgery. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 41, (2011).

Dobrin, P. B., Mrkvicka, R. & Maywood, D. L. Failure ofelastin or collagen aspossible critical connectivetissuealterations underlying aneurysmal dilatation. 2, 484–488

Nackman, G. B., Karkowski, F. J., Halpern, V. J., Gaetz, H. P. & Tilson, M. D. Elastin degradation products induce adventitial angiogenesis in the Anidjar/Dobrin rat aneurysm model. Surgery 122, 39–44 (1997).

Dobrin, P. B. Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms. Current concepts. Surg. Clin. North Am. 69, 687–703 (1989).

Longo, G. M. et al. Work in Concert To Produce Aortic Aneurysms. J. Clin. Invest. 110, 625–632 (2002).

Badger, S. et al. Endovascular treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2017, (2017).

Wang, Y., Krishna, S., Walker, P. J., Norman, P. & Golledge, J. Transforming growth factor-β and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Cardiovasc. Pathol. 22, 126–132 (2013).

Thatcher, S. E. TGF-β Signaling: New Insights Into Aortic Aneurysms. EBioMedicine 12, 24–25 (2016).

Li, H. et al. Modulation of immune-inflammatory responses in abdominal aortic aneurysm: Emerging molecular targets. J. Immunol. Res. 2018, (2018).

Shimizu, K., Mitchell, R. N. & Libby, P. Inflammation and cellular immune responses in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 26, 987–994 (2006).

Lindholt, J. S. & Shi, G. P. Chronic Inflammation, Immune Response, and Infection in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 31, 453–463 (2006).

Edvinsson, M., Thelin, S., Hjelm, E., Friman, G. & Nyström-Rosander, C. Persistent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection? Ups. J. Med. Sci. 115, 181–186 (2010).

Haller, S. J. et al. Intraluminal thrombus is associated with early rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J. Vasc. Surg. 67, 1051-1058.e1 (2018).

Piechota-Polanczyk, A. et al. The Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Intraluminal Thrombus: Current Concepts of Development and Treatment. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 2, 1–14 (2015).

Touat, Z. et al. Renewal of mural thrombus releases plasma markers and is involved in aortic abdominal aneurysm evolution. Am. J. Pathol. 168, 1022–1030 (2006).

Patel, H. et al. Thrombosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Am. Surg. 60, 801–803 (1994).

Petriceks, A. H., Olivas, J. C. & Salmi, D. Educational Case: Symptomatic but Unruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Acad. Pathol. 5, 237428951879856 (2018).

Thompson, M. M., Morgan, R. A., Matsumura, J. S., Sapoval, M. & Loftus, I. M. Endovascular Intervention for Vascular Disease. (Informa, 2008).

Chaikof, E. L. et al. The Society for Vascular Surgery practice guidelines on the care of patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. J. Vasc. Surg. 67, 2-77.e2 (2018).

Miyake, T. & Morishita, R. Pharmacological treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cardiovasc. Res. 83, 436–443 (2009).

R, L. M., J, M. & Wald, N. Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Vasc. Diagnosis 381–387 (2005). doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-9426-9.50042-X

Schermerhorn, M. L. et al. Endovascular vs. open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in the medicare population. N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 464–474 (2008).

Parodi, J. C., Palmaz, J. C. & Barone, H. D. Transfemoral Intraluminal Graft Implantation for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Ann. Vasc. Surg. 5, 491–499 (1991).

Prinssen, M. et al. A randomized trial comparing conventional and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. N. Engl. J. Med. 351, 1607–1618 (2004).

D’sa, A. A. B. & Chant, A. D. Emergency Vascular and Endovascular Surgical Practice. (Hodder Arnold, 2005).

Blankensteijn, J. D. et al. Two-year outcomes after conventional or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 2398–2405 (2005).

Maguire, E. M., Pearce, S. W. A., Xiao, R., Oo, A. Y. & Xiao, Q. Matrix metalloproteinase in abdominal aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Pharmaceuticals 12, 1–18 (2019).

Khera, A., Mcguire, D. K., Lemos, J. A. De & Das, S. R. aortic




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33508/jwmj.v2i1.2338

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.