ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: MOTIVATING AND DEMOTIVATING FACTORS AMONG EFL STUDENTS

Priscilla Tabitha, Y. G. Harto Pramono

Abstract


Since pandemic novel outbreak, almost all educational institutes have transitioned to online learning in order to keep the teaching and learning process going. In Indonesia, the practice of online learning is still relatively, unclearly understood due to the minimum awareness of the ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Some studies revealed that online learning gave positive as well as negative impacts to the students learning motivation. Especially, the negative impacts may cause difficulties, stress, and anxiety in learning. Therefore, this present study was intended to reveal the factors affecting motivation and demotivation for students in learning English online, more specifically, during COVID-19 pandemic and to find out which factors were the most motivating and the most demotivating. A survey design was employed in this study. Thirty-six students of an English education study program at a private university were involved. The data were collected using questionnaire and analysed using statistic descriptive technique. The findings revealed that students motivation and demotivation could have been influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In particular, there were 5 motivating factors affecting students motivation, namely: students intrinsic learning motivation, self-efficacy, teachers performances & attitudes, contents & materials, and classmates attitudes. Among 5 motivating factors, teachers performances & attitudes turned out to be the most motivating factors, followed by contents & materials, and students intrinsic learning motivation. Concerning the demotivating factors, only one factor, i.e., technical factor was found to be the only one and most demotivating factor. This study contributes to the learning of English during online as well as offline schools

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adara, R. A. (2020). Negative Effects of MALL on the Improvement of Learners Autonomy and Motivation. Icoisse, 2018, 613622.

Adara, R. A., Puspahaty, N., Nuryadi, N., & Utama, W. (2021). Demotivation factors differences of high school EFL learners during Covid-19 pandemic: A quantitative study. EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka): Culture, Language, and Teaching of English, 6(2), 100110.

https://doi.org/10.26905/enjourme.v6i2.6519

Agung, A. S. N., & Surtikanti, M. W. (2020). Students Perception of Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study on the English Students of STKIP Pamane Talino. SOSHUM : Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora, 10(2), 225235. https://doi.org/10.31940/soshum.v10i2.1316

Aikina, T. Y., & Bolsunovskaya, L. M. (2020). Moodle-Based Learning: Motivating and Demotivating Factors. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 15(02), 239-248. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i02.11297

Alyousif, R., & Alsuhaibani, Z. (2021). English Language Learning Demotivating Factors for Saudi High School EFL Students. English Language Teaching, 14(8), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n8p29.

Chen, L. I. U. (2014). Attitude and Motivation for English Learning, 9(1), 5156. https://doi.org/10.3968/5212

Cucinotta, D., & Vanelli, M. (2020). WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomedica, 91(1), 157160. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.

Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Use Computers in the Workplace1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14), 11111132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x

Fauci, A. S., Lane, H. C., & Redfield, R. R. (2020). Covid-19 Navigating the Uncharted. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(13), 12681269. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejme2002387

Fajri, Z., Baharun, H., Muali, C., Shofiatun, Farida, L., & Wahyuningtiyas, Y. (2021). Students Learning Motivation and Interest: The Effectiveness of Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1899(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1899/1/012178

Frazier, S., & Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. In TESOL Quarterly, 35(2), 341-342. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587655

Gardner, R. C. (2004). Attitude/Motivation Test Battery: International AMTB Research Project. The University of Western Ontario, Canada

Gardner, R. C., Lalonde, N. R., & Moorcroft, R. (1985). The role of attitudes and motivation in second language learning: Correlational and experimental considerations. Language Learning, 35(2), 207-227.

Gustiani, S. (2020). Students Motivation in Online Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic Era: A Case Study. Holistics Journal, 12(2), 2340.

Harmer, J. (2001). The Practice of English Language Teaching. Third Edition Completely Revised and Updated. http://www.amazon.com/Practice- Language-Teaching-Handbooks-Teachers/dp/0582403855

Joia, L. A., & Lorenzo, M. (2021). Zoom in, zoom out: The impact of the covid-19 pandemic in the classroom. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(5), 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052531

Kikuchi, K., & Sakai, H. (2009). Japanese learners demotivation to study English: A survey study. JALT Journal, 31(2), 183204.

Klimova, B. F. (2011). Motivation for learning English at a university level. Procedia--Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 25992603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.153

Lai. H. Y. T. (2013). The motivation of learners of english as a foreign language revisited. International Education Studies, 6(10), 90-101.

Lemay, D. J., Bazelais, P., & Doleck, T. (2021). Transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 4, 100130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100130

Listyani, L. (2022). Exploring Indonesian EFL Writing Students Differences in Motivation: A Language Learning Journey to Success. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 13(2), 406416. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1302.23

Maemunah, S., Nugraha, S. I., & Kamil, A. B. (2021). Understanding Demotivating Factors on EFL Students in Online Learning. Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan, 5(2), 216220.

https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v5i2.1889

Mandasari, B. (2020). The Impact of Online Learning toward Students Academic Performance on Business Correspondence Course. EDUTEC : Journal of Education And Technology, 4(1), 98110. https://doi.org/10.29062/edu.v4i1.74

Maruf, Z., Pratolo, B. W., Sari, O. W., & Ardinengtyas, A. (2022). Undiscovered voices: Motivation and demotivation factors in learning English among Indonesian orphan students. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 11(1), 441-448. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i1.21262

Maslow, A. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 121.

Me?e, E., & Sevilen, . (2021). Factors influencing EFL students motivation in online learning: A qualitative case study. Journal of Educational Technology & Online Learning. 4(1). 1122. http://dergipark.org.tr/jetolDoi:http://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.817680

Miller, T., Maclaren, K., & Xu, H. (2020). Online learning: Practices, perceptions, and technology | Apprentissage en ligne: Pratiques, perceptions et technologie. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 46(1), 127.

Mohammed, K. S., Rashid, C. A., Salih, H. A., & Budur, T. (2020). The Role of Online Teaching Tools on the Perception of the Students during the Lockdown of Covid-19. International Journal of Social Sciences and Educational Studies, 7(3), 178191. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v7i3p178

Muthuprasad, T., Aiswarya, S., Aditya, K. S., & Jha, G. K. (2021). Students perception and preference for online education in India during COVID-19 pandemic. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 3(1), 100101, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100101

Naveca, F., Nascimento, V., Souza, V., Corado, A. (2021). COVID-19 epidemic in the Brazilian state of Amazonas was driven by long-term persistence of endemic SARS-CoV-2 lineages and the recent emergence of the new Variant of Concern P. 1. Research Square. February. 121.w

Oroujlou, N., & Vahedi, M. (2011). Motivation, attitude, and language learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 9941000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.333

Pritchard, R. D., Campbell, K. M., & Campbell, D. J. (1976). Effects of extrinsic financial rewards on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(1), 915. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.62.1.9

Pinder, C. C. (1976). Additivity versus non-additivity of intrinsic and extrinsic incentives: Implications for work motivation, performance, and attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61(6), 693700. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.61.6.693

Rastegar, M., Akbarzadeh, M., & Heidari, N. (2012). The Darker Side of Motivation: Demotivation and Its Relation with Two Variables of Anxiety among Iranian EFL Learners. ISRN Education. 2012, 18. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/215605

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 5467.

https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020

Scales, P. C., Pekel, K., Sethi, J., Chamberlain, R., & Van Boekel, M. (2020). Academic Year Changes in Student-Teacher Developmental Relationships and Their Linkage to Middle and High School Students Motivation: A Mixed Methods Study. In Journal of Early Adolescence, 40(4), 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431619858414

Shagdarsuren, S. (2020). English Learning Motivating and Demotivating Factors Among Post-Socialist Mongolias Future English Teachers. Englisia: Journal of Language, Education, and Humanities, 7(2), 181-194. https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v7i2.6623

Sriemulyaningsih, M. J. K. (2014). In-class interaction and students motivation in Intensive Course classes. Magister Scientiae, 36, 149-157.

Survey, I. (2021). COVID-19 Results Briefing Brazil Current Situation Trends in Drivers of Transmission, 1.

Wagner?Gough, J., & Hatch, E. (1975). The Importance of Input Data in Second Language Acquisition Studies. Language Learning, 25(2), 297308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1975.tb00248.x

Weber, K. (2003). The relationship of interest to internal and external motivation. Communication Research Reports, 20(4), 376383. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824090309388837




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33508/mgs.v50i2.4175

Copyright (c) 2022 Priscilla Tabitha, Y. G. Harto Pramono

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

PUBLISHER
Faculty of Teacher Education
Jl. Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114
Email: magister-scientiae@ukwms.ac.id

Magister Scientiae is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License